Effect of Organochlorine Pesticides on Liver Histopathology of the Common Carp Cyprinuscarpio

Abstract

The goal of this research is to see how low doses of organochlorine pesticides (dieldrin and methoxychlor) affect the histology of the liver in the cammon carp, Cyprinuscarpio (C. carpio). Dieldrin and Methoxychlor were tested at different doses to assess their acute toxicity. Since the impact of the pesticide on fish becomes consistent with 96h of exposure for LC50 of a toxicant, which is 2.3 g/L (96h LC50), and was the fatal concentration, the lethal dose ensures death even before detecting behavioural abnormalities. Fish were killed after being exposed for 7, 14, and 21 days in order to acquire the required tissues for histopathological investigations. The fish Cyprinuscarpio showed increased cellular changes severity after 7 days of Dieldrin and Methoxychlor exposure, including eosinophilic hepatocytic cytoplasm, blood capillary dilation, increased melanomacrophage aggregation (MMC) near the blood capillaries, newly observed hepatocytic cell atrophy, and an increase in pyknotic and necrotic cells. The fish may acquire adequate resistance to organochloride insecticides to replace the loss by activating the energy cycles after continuous exposure. Thus, the effects of OCP on the structure and morphology of the liver of the fish C carpio are depending not only on the pesticide's concentration, but also on the duration of exposure.