Relation between Metabolic Syndrome and Cytomegalo Virus in Haemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Background:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an ubiquitous virus that infects people worldwide.

It is said that metabolic syndrome consists of a cluster of risk factors for cardiac disease, like low high density lipoprotein cholesterol, high triglycerides, impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, central obesity and high blood pressure. The aim was to assess relation between CMV infection and metabolic syndrome in patients on HD. Methods:In this cross-sectional study 80 patients under regular HD due to ESRD had participated in the study from HD unite of Nasr city health insurance hospital in Cairo in the period from June 2019 to December 2019.To achieve the aim of the study we take patients history including their family history and they were clinically examined for signs of metabolic syndrome components according to AHA/NHLBI and IDF cut points for Middle East ethnicity. Moreover, we laboratory investigate for CMV IgG and IgM, lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose.Results:we divided the patients into three groups, first group 78 patients were positive for CMV IgG (97.5%), second group 11 patients were positive for CMV IgM (13.8%) and third group 10 patients were positive for both IgG and IgM (12.3%).Patients with metabolic syndrome were 68 (85%). In our study patients who have MetS and CMV IgG were 68(100%) .The relationship between MetS and CMV IgG is statistically proved.

there is no statistical significance between CMV Igg and IgM and CRP level. patients with MetS have high ferritin level and hyperuricemia. Low level of HDL (mean SD 34.46± 5.59) is statistically related with Mets patients. High level of triglycerides (mean SD 160.10± 11.07) is correlated statistically to metabolic syndrome in our patients. Acanthosis nigricanas were found in patients who have metabolic syndrome (N 31,38.8%). Conclusion:There is high prevalence of cmv infection in dialysis patients because they are immunocompromised and have multiple blood transfusion. Infection control measures are important to prevent transmission of infection in dialysis unite. Metabolic syndrome is very important disease and cost lives. So, early screening of its components is a must. CMV infection is a cause for initiation of metabolic syndrome by latent reactivation of infection which hides for long time in adipose tissue of the patient. Lymphocytes play important role in this reactivation.