Knowledge and attitude towards prenatal screening for Downs Syndrome and other congenital anomalies among women of reproductive age group – A cross sectional study

Abstract

Introduction - Downs syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality; its risk increases with maternal age. It can be
detected by screening tests during early pregnancy, most common being ultrasound scan. Women in the reproductive age group must
be aware of prenatal screening methods.
Methodology - A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude towards prenatal screening for Downs
Syndrome among women of reproductive age group in the urban population over a three-month period.
Result - Of the 175 persons studied (the minimal education was at least intermediate), 86% were aware about prenatal screening but
only 46% knew that it had to be done in early pregnancy. 93.7% knew that ultrasonography was the screening tool to be used; 80.6%
knew that Downs syndrome was a genetic disorder due to an extra chromosome 21.
Conclusion - A good proportion of women were aware of Downs syndrome, prenatal screening and its importance. Higher education
has probably contributed to this knowledge enhancement. However, it is important to ensure that every woman in the reproductive
age group is aware about antenatal screening for congenital anomalies.