Relation between Serum Prolactin and Troponinin Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes frequently present with various manifestation of atherosclerosis at the time of diagnosis. Coronary artery disease is a major vascular complication of diabetes mellitus and reveals high mortality A high prolactin level plays a potential role in the development of ischemic cardiac disease. The study aimed to assess relation between prolactin and troponin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: This study was performed in Clinical pathology, Cardiology and Internal medicine departments zagazig university hospitals  This study was conducted on 88 male subjects (66 patients and 22 healthy subjects as a control group). The patients were selected from patients admitted in the Cardiology and the Internal Medicine Department in zagazig University Hospitals. Subjects in the study were classified into 4 groups: Group 1: Twenty two diabetic patients with recent myocardial infarction.Group 2: Twenty two Non diabetic patients with recent myocardial infarction. Group 3:  Twenty two diabetic patients but not known to have acute myocardial infarction. Group 4: Twenty two healthy subjects (control group). Determination of serum level of troponin and prolactin were done.Results: Regarding FBS and HbA1c, there is a statistically significant increase when compare group 1 with group 2 & 4 (P<0.001). Also, there is a statistically significant increase when compare group 3 with group 2 (p<0.001), in addition to significance increase when compare group 3 with 4 (p<0.001). Regarding TC, TG and LDL, there is a statistically significant increase when compare group 1 with group 3 & 4 (P<0.001).  Also, there is a statistically significant increase when compare groups 2 and 3 with group 4 (p<0.001). Moreover, there is significance increase when compare group 2 with 3 regarding TG and LDL (p=0.005, p=0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, there is significance increase when compare group 1 with 2 regarding TC and LDL (p=0.001, p=0.048, respectively).  Regarding troponin level, there is a statistically significant increase when compare group 1 with group 3 & 4 (P<0.001). Also, there is a statistically significant increase when compare group 2 with group 3 and 4 (p<0.001).Moreover, there is increase in troponin level when compare group 1 to group 2 but without statistically significant difference (p=0.326). Meanwhile, there is increase in troponin level when compare group3 to group 4 but without statistically significant difference (p=0.187). Regarding prolactin level, there is a statistically significant increase when compare group 1 with group 2, 3 & 4 (P= 0.016, P<0.001, respectively). Also, there is a statistically significant increase when compare group 2 with group 3 and 4 (p<0.001), in addition to significance increase when compare group 3 with 4 (p=0.012). Regarding the correlation between prolactin and other variables studied among MI and DM groups, there was positivecorrelation between prolactin versus troponin (r=0.78 andp<0.001) Therefore, a positive correlation between cardiac troponin and serum prolactin in this study elucidate that acute MI occurrence is due to long-term vascular complications. Conclusion:     Roc curve of Prolactin level for discrimination of diabetic with AMI and non-diabetics with AMI at cut off value = 20.56, show specifity 92 % and sensitivity 86%. Serum prolactin level increased in acute myocardial infarction, and positively correlated with cardiac troponin level and reflects underlying cardiovascular complications.