Phenotype of Abo Blood Group in and Around Koodapakkam. A Study from Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The field of transfusion medicine initiated when Karl Landsteiner discovered ABO blood group in 1901. It was the first human blood group system, which is considered to be the safest system in transfusion practices. It constitutes A,B,O blood groups followed by the discovery of the fourth blood group AB group in 1902 by Decastello^1-5. The Rh grouping was discovered by Landsteiner and Warner in 1941, which plays important role in transfusion services.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

1. To identify the prevalence of various blood groups among the voluntary and replacement blood donors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

 The subjects in this study were the voluntary and replacement blood donors in the blood bank of Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry.

Study period:  One year  from June 2017 to  May 2018.

RESULTS:

            In the present study, the total number of donors were 3500. The predominance blood groups and its distribution were analyzed. In our study, the most common blood groups were found to be  O blood group followed by  B blood group. The least common blood group is AB.  

CONCLUSION:

            Thus this study helps in formulating the ABO phenotype data register in regional wise and State wise for meeting their transfusion demands. These data will be more useful in emergency conditions and also provide adequate knowledge about the prevalence of blood groups in a particular region. It is also helpful in providing safe transfusion service in and around Puducherry.