E-Nose as a Detector of Adulteration in Cow Milk Ghee

Abstract

In Indian culture  Cow milk ghee is termed as most divine to be used in any rituals. And why not, its nutritional value is so great that it is used largely in Ayurveda medicines. Its health benefits – providing immunity power, bones strength, nutrition to brain, eye etc. makes it so important that it is astaple food in India. Pure cow milk ghee is prepared by a typical method,which make it very expensive. But this is also the fact that makes the food more prone to adulteration. Adulteration not only causes economic loss but also creates serious threat to the human health. The aim of this study was to detect the adulteration in cow milk ghee using an electronic nose(E-Nose). The  cow milk ghee was cheated for different levels of adulteration by Dalda and Sunflower oil  (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% adulteration). Volatiles generated during heating were sensed by the sensorsand changed their conductance level.Using the classifier the results were evaluated.IoT further enhanced the system by providing more transparency.