Association of Circular RNA 0054633 Expression Level with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with or Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) as a member of long non coding RNAs have a chief role in gene regulation and expression of proteins,lackingof the terminating 5'-cap and 3'-polyadenylated tail structures providecircRNAs with greater biological stability than linear RNAs. Among many tissues,circRNAsexpression levelsare ten times higher than other RNA types.Additionally, recent studies haveshown that circRNAs also have a major role in diabetes mellitus (DM) pathogenesis and itsrelated complications.We targetedto detect the association of circular RNA 0054633 expression level with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to examine itsrole as a biomarker for early diagnosis of pre-diabetes and T2DM.

Patients and Methods:A whole number of 108 individuals classified into three groups: group (1) was 36 healthy subjects, group (2) were 36pre-diabetics and group (3) including 36 T2DM patients. Real- time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was done for estimation of bloodcircRNA 0054633expression level.

Results: The currentresearch revealedsignificant risein CircRNA 0054633 expression level in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group compared to control and the pre-diabetes groups (p<0.05).ROC analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of CircRNA 0054633 level in blood of pre-diabetics and diabetic patients was (0.951,0.83) with specificity of (97.2%, 94.4%) respectively and sensitivity of (94.4%, 86.1%)respectivelyat cut-off point(1.63, 3.94) indicatingCircRNA 0054633as a good predictor marker of pre-diabetes and T2DM.Linear regression analysisrevealed thatthe increase in HbA1c was independently related to the elevated plasma CircRNA 0054633 expression level.

Conclusions:BloodCircRNA 0054633expression level may represent a sensitive predictor for diagnosis of pre-diabetes and type 2 DM as there is a still need for novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of them.