The Importance of Interferon Gamma in Confirming Infection with Salmonella Entericaserovartyphi

Abstract

Background: Typhoid fever, which is caused by Salmonella entericaserovartyphi, affects more than 20 million people and kills nearly 200,000 people annually, mostly in developing countries, as the germ is transmitted through food or water contaminated with it, and current treatments and vaccines are completely inadequate To control the disease, Interferon gamma (IFN- g) plays a pivotal role in the host's defense against S. typhi. Natural killer cells (NK) overproduce it in response to cellular signals secreted by some immune cells. Therefore, the overexpression of IFN- g Stimulates these cells to kill S. typhi inside them, thus giving an indication of its presence inside the host, and therefore, increasing its secretion will give an indication of its importance in diagnosis.

Methods: A group of patients infected with typhoid was used and the S. typhi strain was isolated from them, then the levels of IFN-γ were measured in the infected patients, in comparison with the control group that was done using a group of healthy people.

Results: The results showed a significant increase in the levels of IFN-γ for infected with typhoid compared to the control group.

Conclusion: These results show the importance of IFN-γ in confirming the infection of typhoid, as S. typhi is facultative intracellular with taking into account some criteria in understanding its role in the life of S. typhi.