Circulating Microrna (148b And 150) as Potential Biomarker in Iga Nephropathy and Lupus Nephritis

Abstract

Background: IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease or mesangial IgA deposition) is characterized by deposition of the IgAauto-antibody in the glomerulus causes a variety of lesions and inflammation in renal tissue.  The clinical course of IgA nephropathy is usually mild, although in 40% of the cases it may lead to end-stage renal disease and it is considered is the most common type of primary GN in the world.

One of the mostfrequent organ manifestations of SLE is LN, The disease most affected patients are women of childbearing age, and it is characterized by overproduction of antibodies to self-antigens, which are mostly extracted from cell components including the nucleus, cell membranes, cytoplasm, and ribosomes.which in many cases leads to end-stage renal disease.

Objectives: biopsy is the best way to diagnose patients with IgA nephropathy and Lupus nephritis  But it is considered an invasive method for diagnosis, therefore the current study recommends that miRNA-148b and miRNA-150 be evaluated as biomarkers for IgA nephropathy and Lupus nephritis diagnosis.

Material and Methods

study the control cases in three groups, first group consist from 30 patients previously diagnosed as IgA Nephropathy(IgAN)   which include (19 male and 11 female), also Second group was 30 patients who have  Lupus Nephritis(LN) which include (10 male and 20 female ) who were under the supervision of nephrology specialists at Al Hussein Teaching Hospital in Holy Karbala province from December 2019 to December 2020. Thirty healthy volunteers (non-IgA nephropathy and non-Lupus nephropathy) were included in the third group.

The blood sample were  collected by venipuncture from three groups were drawing approximately five millimeter of venous blood by disposable syringe under aseptic technique ,Each blood sample of these groups were collected in plane tube then serum was separated by centrifugation 13000 for 5 minute.Complete RNA was extracted from serum samples using the (TRIzol® reagent kit) after the serum was collected in tubes and stored at -20°C. Bioneer. Korea) and completed in accordance with company guidelines.

Result:Comparison of miR-148b was highly significant difference in gene expression among study groups (p < 0.001); the level being highest in lupus nephritis followed by IgA nephropathy and then by control group.Comparison of miR-150was highly significant difference in gene expression among study groups (p < 0.001); the level being highest in IgA nephropathy followed by lupus nephritis and then by control group.A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis; Regarding IgA nephropathy , the results showed that the cutoff values for miR-148b, miR-150 were >1.69, >5.53 respectively;The most accurate one was miR-150 followed by miR-148b with accuracy levels of 100.0 %and 75.1%, respectivelywithpoor sensitivity and specifity for miR-148b were 73.3% and 70.0% respectively,while excellent miR-150  the sensitivity and specifity were 100.0% and 100.0% respectively.

.whileRegarding lupus nephritis , the results showed that the cutoff values for miR-149b, miR-150 were >1.69, >3.55 respectively; the most accurate one was miR-148b followed by miR-150 with accuracy levels of 91.7 % and 89.4 % respectively,with sensitivity and specifity for miR-148b were 100.0 % and 70.0% respectively,while excellent miR-150  the sensitivity and specifity were 80.0% and 90.0% respectively.

Conclusion: Present study concluded that, moRNA-150 consider a good biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity for IgA nephropathy, while miRNA-148b could serve a diagnostic biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity for Lupus nephritis.