Remediation of the Technogenic Soils

Abstract

A number of studieshave been carried out worldwide to investigate the state of anthropogenicsoil degradation during the environmental impacts caused by chemical industry, thermal power industry, oil and gas, coal and mineral deposits, and therefore to develop appropriate remediation approaches. The paper identifies the main factors of pollution in the area of ​​ anthropogenic degraded soils, distinguishes the level of soil contamination by protection and contamination zones, reveals the mechanism of changes in soil fertility in terms of physical, chemical, biological properties of soils. Anthropogenic degradation of soils around two different sources of pollution in one area depends on the variability in soil genetic layers with the amount of heavy metals and ash waste. A remediation algorithm based on biological and technical measures has been developed to restore the fertility of the irrigated soils. After remediation of anthropogenic disturbed soils, the indicators of recovery of the ecological condition and fertility of the soils and the existing coefficients for them have been developed. A three-stage remediation technology based on technical and biological methods has been developed for anthropogenic degraded irrigated dark gray soils. The following sequence of anthropogenic degradation and ecological changes of soils in the study area has scientifically been justified: damaged of soil microbiological world - disturbed physical properties - changed chemical properties - alteration of air and water regimes) - decreased soil fertility. For further technology development onthe remediation of sites it is suggested to consider above mentioned sequence in order to adjust given parameters.