A Four-year Retrospective Survey on the Histopathological Patterns of Breast Cancers in Delta State University Teaching Hospital Oghara in Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer a leading gynecological cancer with a record of 25% of all known cancer and responsible for 16% deaths except skin cancer. It affects both gender but with a higher incidence amongst females, also female age groups of reproductive age and can be presented in various patterns. The study aim was to evaluate the histopathological patterns of breast cancer in Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta State.

Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in the histological department in Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara within a time frame of four years. Various histologic types of breast cancer were examined. Data were analyzed and were presented in form of tables.

Results: Diagnosis of breast cancer showed a higher proportion in the year 2015 (38.3%) and the lowest been 2017 with a percentage of 15.8% in the general population. Patients within the ages of 30-39 years of age displayed a higher incidence of 32.2%. The least affected age groups are 20-29yrs (2.3%) and 70-79yrs (2.3%). The invasive ductual carcinoma (91%) was mostly common.

Conclusions: Breast cancer is common in women of reproductive age (30-40years of age); with its most occurring pattern been the invasive ductal carcinoma and the year with highest level of occurrence been 2015. Future studies should be carried out among other hospitals across Nigeria to help bridge the gap on the insufficiency of studies on breast cancer among Nigerian women