The Ecological State and the Problems of Recultivation of Man-Made Disturbed Irrigated Soils

Abstract

Тhis article considers man-made pollution of the environment around the thermal power plant of the city of Angren, Almalyk district, Tashkent region. GIS technologies were usedin order to study this object. This area was explored in certain sites. The sources of pollution of the studied objects are identified. The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil were studied in laboratory and field conditions. An Angren TPP and a new Angren TPP have important place, since they are sources of pollution of irrigated soils and residential settlements. The activities of various industrial enterprises led to man-made soil degradation. Hazardous heavy metals are divided into 3 groups. In theseareas, pollution leads to man-made degradation of the soil and affects the environment, flora, and water sources. The negative changes of the above mentioned features have been revealed. The soil cover becomes poor and scarce due to pollution of ash and slag from the thermal power plants release. Flora and fauna become rare and endangered. The man-made pollution causes great damage to irrigated gray soils. Angren TPPs are the main source of anthropogenic disturbances in the research area, wind is the main factor in the spread of pollution from both sources, and pollution is not related to groundwater. The main sources of man-made pollution of soils in the Tashkent region are Angren TPPs, the main cause of pollution is the anthropogenic factor. Man-made pollution is distributed around the territory of the Angren thermal power plant by 1.6-8 km. In the studied sitesaffected by man-made pollution and ecological conditions, the pollution leads to a decrease in the totality of microorganisms, deterioration of physical properties, changes in chemical properties, disruption of air and water regime, decrease in soil fertility.It is recommended to take this consistency of the events into consideration while developing reclamation technology on technically degraded lands. It is possible to restore soil fertility and improve the ecological situation of an object only with the help of land reclamation equipment and a recultivationmethod.. The article also presents some aspects of the study made on the introduced plant Lyciumchinense Mill for research in sanitary protection zones. The data on the anatomical structure of LyciumChinense Mill leaves are considered for diagnostics and further greening of the environment.