Molecular Detection of Quinolones Resistance Gens of Salmonella Typhi from Gallbladder of Patients Undergoing to Cholecystectomy in Thi-Qar province/Iraq

Abstract

Salmonellaenterica serovar Typhi chronically persists within the gallbladder and it may be a predisposing factor for gallbladder diseases. Thus, it is necessary to screen such carriers and understand their distribution within a population with high incidences of gallbladder diseases. This study aimed to focus on determining the actions used by S.Typhi to allow chronic carriage in the gallbladder and try to demonstrate that S.Typhi may have a causal role in gallbladder diseases. Antibiotic treatment of chronic S.Typhi is difficult compared to treatment of acute infection. In the present study, the detection of their antibiotic resistance against 16 antibiotics of different classes showed that all isolates were sensitive to tigraracycline and levofloxacin and whereas all isolates were resistances to ampicillin and cefazolin; the most prevalent pattern included resistance to gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, cefoxitin, piperacillin/ tazobactam and cefepime (90.9, 81.8, 63.6, 63.6, 54.5, and 54.5)% respectively.The percentage of multidrug-resistant (MDR) was high, more than (90%) and screening of .quinolones-resistance genes (qnrB and qnrS) among the S.Typhi showed qnrS- and qnr-B gene were .identified in (65.4%) and (46.2%) respectively.