Phytochemicaland biological studies of Spergularia diandra and Spergularia marina (Caryophyllaceae) growing wildly western Iraq

Abstract

The present research dealt with an anatomical and chemical study comparing the Spergularia Diandra and Spergularia marina Caryophyllaceae family. The leaf, stem, and root also showed clear anatomical properties in terms of the cross-section shape and thickness of both the epidermis and cortex in both species. Some effective chemical compounds in the aerial part, Phenols, Saponin, glycoside, Flavonoid, and tannin, were detected,  positive detection was found in them except for the alkaloids that were appeared in Spergularia Diandra only. Phenols were also quantitatively estimated, and Spergularia marina exceeded its quantity by 515.4 mg\ 50g plant, while in Spergularia Diandra it reached 461.75 mg\ 50g plant. It is considered suitable materials suitable to differentiate between species. The results of lymphocytes showed that the phenolic compounds extracted from plants at a concentration of 0.31 mg/ml had a significant positive effect on the viability of the human lymphocytes implanted, with significant differences at the probability level (P <0.01), as Spergularia marina, was superior, as it gave a vital percentage of 700% while Spergularia Diandra  was less than 600%.