The Role of Bio-Fertilizers from Azosprillum Spp. And Bacillus Megaterium in Improving Wheat Yields of Sham 2 in Desert Soils.

Abstract

   A field experiment was conducted in desert soil located in the Qaim district of Iraq, 560 km west of Baghdad. In the season 2018-2019, with the aim of evaluating the performance of local bacterial isolates Azosprillum sp and Bacillus megaterium in increasing the readiness of some nutrients for the Sham 2 wheat crop cultivated in desert soil under pivot sprinkler irrigation systems. The experiment included nine treatments, which are the control treatment and the chemical fertilization treatment according to the fertilizer recommendation 200 kg superphosphate (19.5% and 240 kg urea (46% N) / e, and the treatment of animal wastes (aerobically fermented sheep and cows mixed with C: N 27: 1)% 1.5 for soil depth of 15 cm, with three treatments of bacterial inoculum for the two isolates Azosprillum sp and Bacillus megaterium and a mixture of the two isolates, once with animal wastes and the other without it The treatments were organized according to a fully randomized design with three replications of experimental units of 500 m2 for the experimental unit. Measurements were taken after 60 and 90 Day of planting and at harvest, and included morphological characteristics which are number of branches, plant length, leaf area, dry weight, number of spikes, number of grains per spike, weight of a thousand grains, and grain yield, and some physiological and qualitative characteristics which are chlorophyll, carbohydrates, protein, phosphorous and total nitrogen in the soil The density of microbes in the soil was also estimated.