The outcome of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Goiter and its Relation to Medical Radiation Exposure in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Background

     Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most prevalent thyroid malignancy, and it is rapidly increasing in incidence due to the availability of diagnostic tools. It occur most commonly in individuals live in regions with high exposure to radiation and increase use of x-ray (medical radiation), which is considered a significant risk factor.

The Aim of study

     To identify the outcome of papillary thyroid carcinoma among patients subjected to thyroidectomyin Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital and its relation to medical radiation exposure.

Patients and methods

A prospective study was donein Al- Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital started from January 2018 to March 2020 on (250) patients who have goiter.We evaluate all patients by history, thorough clinical examination and send them for investigations(laboratory and radiological). Total thyroidectomy done for all patients and post- operative observation in the surgical ward for any complications.

Results

The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma was (14%), more common in female (77.2 %) than male (22.8 %). It was more common in solitary thyroid nodule (65.7 %), while in multinodular goiter was (34.7 %). The exposure to medical radiation is very significant in patients proved to have papillary thyroid carcinoma about (80 %); but the result of FNAC examination has low sensitivity about (34.3 %).

Conclusion

    Thyroid malignancies are common in our regions with papillary thyroid carcinoma is the commonest type. X-ray and medical radiation exposureis animportant risk factor for papillary thyroid carcinoma especially during childhood, with female patients more frequently affected and more common in solitary thyroid nodule.