Analysis of Causes and Lags in a Tertiary Care Hospital That Contribute in Causation of Still Birth

Abstract

Background: still births was not regarded as one of the Millenium Development Goals and is still missing in the sustainable development goals. The World Health Organization(WHO) has reported 2.6 million stillbirths in the year 2015,globally. India continues to be at the top of this list recording a massive 592100 stillbirths in 2015. Strategies require analysis of etiology and risk factors as a first step.

Aim & Objective:  The aim of the present study was designed to analyse and find out the causes of stillbirth in a tertiary care hospital.

Methdology: The present observational study ‘’ANALYSIS OF STILL BIRTH AT SCBMCH CUTTACK’’ was undertaken O&G DEPARTMENT S.C.B. Medical college Hospital, cuttack in the period January 2019 to December 2019.Total number of deliveries during this period recorded.

Results:  In the present study, Highest number of still birth (37.5%) occur in the age group of 21-24 years followed by 30% in 25-29 years16.5%in 30-34 years,12%were more than 35 years and 4%cases of still birth were in the age group less than 20 years. Majority of cases belonged to rural areas (84.3%) and only 15.7% were  from urban areas. Maximum patients were multiparous (44.5%) and 42.5% were nulliparous and grand multipara(13%). Majority of stillborn69% were delivered spontaneously vaginally, 4.5% cases assisted vaginally and 26.5%had undergone caesarean section. Maximum still births were singleton pregnancy(92.6%)in comparison to 7.4%in multiple pregnancy.75.7% had cephalic presentation at the time of delivery, followed by breech 22.1% 2.2% had others. The present study found that  risk of still births is having DM 2.2%,HTN 13.1% Thyroid 5.4%,cardiac and renal disease 1.9%,1% respectively. Hemoglobinopathies 0.6%,jaundice 2.1%,SLEB0.2%,Hepatitis 1.2%,anemia 5.4% ,infection 1.8% with no associated disease 64.9%.

Conclusion: Finally we concluded that, Major factors associated with stillbirths were hypertension, antepartum  hemorrhage, IUGR in our study although these are not preventable but the related  complications, that may lead to still births, can be averted by strengthening the antenatal services ,identifying the high risk cases ,early referral to tertiary center and timely delivery.