Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase in MDR- Klebsiella pneumoniae in Anbar Governate

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae  is a major pathogen responsiple for nosocomial infections in world hospitals . One of the causes  for the drug resistance in the Klebsiella pneumoniae  is the production of ESBls enzymes.This research documented CTX-M2 for the first time among Klebsiella pneumoniae in Al-Anbar hospitals of Iraqi.  All studied clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae (25) resistan- cephalosporins from 75 isolates were collected  from different clinicals sources such as (burned, wounds, sputum,and urine samples). The susceptibility to different antibiotics was tested by VITEK-2 system. The phenotypic detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases enzymes by Modified  Hodge test , and mCIM  that all isolates are cephalosporins gene-producing, 25/25 (100%) gave positive result with mCIM  ,and  4% gave positive result for  modefied Hodg test. The bla _CTX-M2 and _OXA1 genes were detected by conventional PCR and the result showed 1/25(4%) strains positive for bla _CTXM2 gene and 6/25 (24%) strains harbored bla _OXA-1 genes. This results showed the coexistence of both bla _CTX-M2 and bla _OXA genes in one strains of K. pneumoniae, while indicated widespread ESBLs in Anbar, Iraq.