Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties for Chitosan Extracted by Biological Methods

Abstract

The use of biological methods using biological materials for extraction is a substitute way to solve chemical extraction problems. Objective: to use chitosan that extracted from biological source as considerable tool in medical fields such as antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm. Materials and Methods: Basically, chitosan have extracted by using biological treatment consisting of two-steps: de-mineralization with aiding of lactobacillus plantarum and de-proteinization with aiding of Pseudomonas aeruginosa protease. Results: Chitosan displayed a more potential antibacterial effect toward gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative. Since the rates of inhibition were 47 and 50% toward Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, separately, in addition, a weak growth inhibition was recorded by chitosan on fungi as compared with  bacteria. A strong anti-biofilm influence was also recorded by Chitosan on Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the inhibition rate reached to 62% while 59% was recorded on  Klebsiella  pneumoniae  and 52% was recorded on Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusions: the fungal derived chitosan has benefit as encouraging anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm factor for many diseases treatment especially those related with biofilm forming fungi and bacteria especially multi drug resistant bacteria isolated that concerning with wide spread nosocomial infections.