Bioecology and Damage of Tomato Moth

Abstract

This article analyzes the literature data on the origin planes of the tomato moth (TutaabsolutaMer). Tomato moth (TutaabsolutaMeyr) is a fully-developed pest belonging to the family Lepidoptera (Gelechiidae). The presence of coins and circular black spots on the moth's wings is one of the most important (identifying) signs to be considered for its detection. Such signs include the fact that the first segment of the head of the tomato moth worm of all ages is black. Mature (female) varieties of tomato moth lay their eggs mainly on the growth points of the plant, on the lower, upper part of the leaf, and sometimes on the surface of the soil. The oval-shaped egg is white, rainbow-colored, and orange-yellow before the worms hatch. Tomato moths hatch after 4-7 days, depending on the external environment. The larvae are white-gray and the head is dark (diagnostic mark). The fungus is light brown, about 6 mm long. , passes into the soil in the pores of the leaves, or between plant debris, sometimes in the form of silky cocoons on damaged and twisted leaves. The experiments were performed in 3 variants. In variant 1, the moth eggs developed on days 7-8 with an average temperature of 18-20 ºC and a relative humidity of 50-65%. Butterflies fly for 11-12 days for the development of 1-2 year old worms and 12-13 days for the development of 3-4 year old worms, and 16-17 days for the development of moths. The larvae of the tomato moth damage the plant, feeding on the parenchymal tissue of the leaf (flat), leaving only the epidermal layer on the back and front of the leaf.  When the infestation of tomato moth was 1 point, the yield per 1 bush plant decreased by 13.7% compared to the control. At the level of 2 points, the yield decreased by 30.6% compared to the control, and at the level of 4 and 5 points with pest damage, the yield decreased by 77.9-88.9% compared to the control.