Predictors of Diabetic Fetopathy in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes
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Abstract
Objective:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important cause of maternal and perinatal complications. GDM forms a symptom complex of diabetic fetopathy (DF) on the fetus, which leads to adverse perinatal outcomes and to long-term metabolic disorders in posterity offspring, affecting the quality of their subsequent life.
Materials and methods:The study was conducted at the base clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Perinatology Course of the RUDN University - City Clinical Hospital No. 29 named after N.E. Bauman. It included a retrospective and prospective analysis of childbirth histories of 255 pregnant women with GDM and development records of their newborns, delivered in 2017-2019 at the full-term gestation. High-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine metabolites and amino acids in the newborns blood to reveal the symptom complex of DF and its separate components.
Results:The findings confirmed the influence of age, late detection of GDM, excessive gestational weight gain (GWG), pregestational obesity and familial obesity on the development of GDM, including the epigenetic nature of obesity.
Conclusion: The obtained indicators of metabolomicand amino acids, indicating pronounced metabolic disorders in patients, can contribute to the prognosis and timely diagnosis of DF.