Ossifying Fibroma of maxilla:Updated Review of Literature and a Case Report

Abstract

Objective: In this article, an updated review of Ossifying fibroma including but not limited to its etiology, clinical presentation, radiological and histopathological appearance. In addition to reporting a case of Ossifying Fibroma affecting maxilla (uncommon site) and encroaching maxillary sinus and the treatment using intraoral approach to shell out this lesion with maxillary antrum reconstruction.Methods:A literature search was conducted using the keywords Ossifying Fibroma and its alternative names, Cementifying fibroma and cemento-ossifying fibroma in different databases. Full texts were retrieved for publications reviewed or reported cases of Ossifying fibroma and its variants in gnathic and extra-gnathic bone. Results:Fifty-one cited articles were included. A number of classifications have been proposed to group these pathological processes. In the last edition of World Health Organization considered Ossifying fibroma as part of Benign Odontogenic tumors including Juvenile ossifying fibroma. Etiology of Ossifying Fibroma is unclear, but several hypotheses were listed. It affects mainly the mandible more than maxilla in 70-90%and in second to fourth decade of life. The majority present as painless swelling, slowly growing and can be discovered during routine radiograph. Rare cases reaching giant size causing erosions and ulcerations. Complete excision of this tumor has become a necessity to avoid recurrence. Conclusion:Based on our review, Ossifying Fibroma is an Odontogenic tumor presenting a diagnostic dilemma for both clinician and pathologist due the overlap in clinical and histological features. The recurrent rate is about 30-38% so regular follow up is mandatory.