Effect of High-Fat Diet on the Kidneys of Albino Rats and the Protective Role of Beetroot Juice Compared with Orlistat

Abstract

The current study aimed to clarify the physiological and histological damage resulting from the high-fat diet in the kidneys of white rats and the protective role of beet root juice, Beta Vulgaris, in comparison with the drug Orlistat. The study used 35 rats distributed in plastic cages in seven groups, 5 rats for each group. The first group included the healthy control group, the second group the group dosed with high-fat food, the third group dosed with beetroot juice (4ml/kg), the fourth group dosed with orlistat (10ml/kg) by mouth, and the fifth group dosed with high-fat food and beetroot juice (4 ml / kg), and the sixth group dosed with high-fat food and Orlistat (10 ml / kg), and the seventh group dosed with high-fat food and beet root juice (4 ml / kg) and Orlistat (10 ml / kg),

 The results showed a significant increase in the concentration of urea, creatinine, estrogens, ghrelin, and MDA for the group of rats fed with a high-fat diet. And a significant decrease in the concentration of SOD, CAT, as shown by the histological sections of the kidney tissue of the group treated with a high-fat diet, showing the destruction of the renal glomerulus (DG) and the disintegration of the visceral tissue around the blood vessel (DP) with the presence of hemorrhage within the kidney tissue (H) and thickening of the vessel wall (TW) and the group treated with beet juice at a concentration of (4 ml/kg) showed a significant decrease in the concentration of urea, estrogens, and antioxidants (MDA, SOD, and CAT).

The histological sections of the kidney tissue of the group treated with beetroot juice showed the renal glomerulus (G), the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), and the space around the glomerulus. The group fed with orlistat 10ml showed a significant increase in the concentration of salts, estrogens, and MDA, and a decrease in the concentration of SOD, ghrelin, and leptin. and the histological sections of a section of kidney tissue of the group treated with orlistat showed swelling of the renal glomerulus (SG), bleeding within the kidney tissue (H), and narrowing of the space around the glomerulus. and The group fed a high-fat diet and beetroot juice showed a significant increase in the concentration of electrolytes and estrogens, and a significant decrease in the concentration of urea, ghrelin, leptin, and antioxidants (MDA, SOD). The histological sections of the kidney tissue in the group treated with a high-fat diet and beetroot juice showed Shown is the renal glomerulus (G), the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), and the space around the glomerulus (C). The group fed a high-fat diet and orlistat showed a significant increase in the concentration of electrolytes and estrogens, and a significant decrease in the concentration of urea, leptin, ghrelin, and antioxidants (SOD). The histological sections of the kidney tissue were Shows the renal glomerulus (G), swelling of the cells lining the proximal convoluted tubule (SW), and degeneration of the cells lining the distal tubule (D), with hemorrhage within the renal tissue (H), and the group fed a high-fat diet, beetroot juice, and orlistat showed a significant decrease in the levels of urea, creatinine and leptin, and a substantial increase in the levels of E2 estrogens. The histological sections of the kidney tissue in the group treated with a high-fat diet and orlistat showed that the lining of the renal tubules (UT) shows detachment with hemorrhage within the renal tissue (H).