Effect of Selenium and Olive Oilon Hepatotoxicity Induced by Cadmium chloride in Adult Male Albino Rats (Structural, Biochemical and Immunohistochemical Study)
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Abstract
Background:Cadmium (Cd) is one of the non-essential toxic heavy metals disturbingthe body tissues and producing many diseases due to excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Selenium and Olive Oil are antioxidants that could help to counteract the damage produced by reactive oxygen species.
Aim of the study: This study intended to explore the potential effect of Selenium or Olive Oilin alleviating the hepatotoxicity induced by oral administration of Cadmium in albino rats.
Material and methods:fourty adult male albino rats were chosen and randomly divided into four groups (n=10) included: Group 1:control group; Group 2: Cd-exposed group: Rats orally received Cd (50 mg/kg), Group 3: Rats orally received Cd (50 mg/kg) plus (2 mg/ kgb.wt) of Selenium and Group 4: Rats orally received Cd (50 mg/kg) plus (2 mg/ kgb.wt) of Olive Oil. Blood samples were taken for analysis of Serum liver enzymes. Tissue levels of SOD, GPX and CAT, MDA and H2O2levels were investigated.Histopathological changes of the liver, percentage area density of collagen fibers and immunohistochemicalexpression of caspase 3werealso assessed.
Results:Oral intake of Cd to rats for 28 days caused a structural hepatotoxic changes, a considerable increase in collagen fibers deposition and apoptotic changes in liver. Combined oral intake of either Selenium or Olive oil with cadmium exposure for 28 days resulted in significant alleviation of all the hepatotoxic changes.
Conclusion: Long-term exposure to Cadmium lead to degenerative changes in the liver structures which could alleviated by Selenium or Olive Oil through their antioxidant, antifibrotic and antiapoptotic effects.