Genetic Analysis of Calpain-1 Gene in three different cattle breeds of District Ghotki, Sindh, Pakistan

Abstract

To solve knowledge bottlenecks, many technologies have been developed or are being developed. In this study, four mutations in the Calpain-1 gene were discovered in three cattle breeds. PCR-gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing techniques were used to identify the Dhanni cattle breed's mutation 03, the Sahiwal cattle breed's mutation 01, and the non-mutation in the Cholistani cattle breed. AAT, GTT, and TGT replace the hitherto encoded lysine (essential amino acid), phenylalanine (essential amino acid), and tyrosine Acid in all missense mutations found in 2003. (non-essential amino acid). The changed codons are responsible for encoding asparagine, valine, and tyrosine, three important amino acids (non-essential amino acid). Histidine, an essential amino acid with a positively charged imidazole functional group, has been identified as a result of a deletion point mutation in Sahiwali cattle, where the CAC codon was altered to C-C. It is frequently involved in enzyme-catalyzed processes due to imidazole, and the missing codons do not encode any amino acids. Cattle from Cholistani. The Dhanni cattle breed is a good breed for animal husbandry meat properties and is highly useful for breed mixing, according to our findings.